A colonoscopy is a procedure used to examine the inner lining of your colon (large intestine) and rectum. During the procedure, a long, flexible tube called a colonoscope, equipped with a small camera, is inserted through the rectum. This allows your surgeon to view the colon in real-time to detect abnormalities such as:
In addition to visualization, the colonoscope can be used to remove polyps or collect biopsy samples for further testing—all in one visit.
Colonoscopy is considered the gold standard for colorectal cancer screening and may also be used to diagnose symptoms such as abdominal pain, chronic diarrhea, constipation, or rectal bleeding.
Routine colonoscopy screenings are typically recommended every 10 years, or more frequently if you have a history of polyps or other risk indicators.
Proper preparation is key for a successful and thorough exam. Your provider will give you specific instructions, which typically include:
You’ll need to stop all liquids by midnight before the procedure and arrange transportation home if you’re sedated during the exam.
During the procedure, air may be gently pumped into the colon for better visibility. This can cause temporary bloating or cramping. If polyps are found, they may be removed immediately, and suspicious tissue can be biopsied.
During the procedure, air may be gently pumped into the colon for better visibility. This can cause temporary bloating or cramping. If polyps are found, they may be removed immediately, and suspicious tissue can be biopsied.
Most patients resume normal activities within a day.
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